什么是性骚扰?

不歧视

中央社区学院遵守所有联邦和州的民权法律,禁止在公立高等教育机构中存在歧视. 中央社区学院 will not discriminate against any employee, 就业申请人, student or applicant for admission on the basis of race, 宗教, 听力状态, 个人形象, color, 性, 怀孕, 政治面貌, 收入来源, 营业地点, 住宅, 信条, 种族, 国籍(包括祖籍), 国籍, 身体或精神残疾, 年龄, 婚姻状况, 家庭责任, 性取向, 性别, 性别认同, veteran or military status (包括 special disabled veteran, Vietnam-era veteran or recently separated veteran), 易感遗传特征, 家庭暴力 victim status or any other protected category under applicable local, 州或联邦法律, 包括保护那些反对歧视或参与校园或平等就业机会委员会或其他人权机构的任何申诉程序的人.

这项政策包括在就业和获得教育机会方面的不歧视. 因此, 校园社区的任何成员, 拒绝行为的客人或访客, 剥夺或限制教育, 就业, 居住和/或社会准入, 校园社区的任何成员基于其实际或被认为是上述受保护阶层的成员而获得的利益和/或机会违反了学校的非歧视政策. When brought to the attention of the college, 任何此类歧视将由学院根据既定程序进行适当补救.

性行为不端

以下是不当性行为政策所禁止的行为的定义.

性骚扰 

The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR), the Equal 就业 Opportunity Commission (EEOC), and the state of Nebraska regard 性骚扰, a specific form of discriminatory harassment, as an unlawful discriminatory practice. 中央社区学院采用了以下性骚扰的定义,以解决学术社区的独特环境.  Acts of 性ual harassment may be committed by any person upon any other person, 无论性别如何, 性取向, and/or 性别认同 of those involved. 性骚扰, 作为一个总括类别, includes the offenses of 性ual harassment, 性侵犯, 家庭暴力, 约会暴力, 和被人跟踪, 定义为:

Conduct on the basis of 性 that satisfies one or more of the following:

交换条件:

  • an employee of the 中央社区学院,
  • 为中央社区学院提供援助、福利或服务设定条件;
  • on an individual’s participation in unwelcome 性ual conduct; and/or

性骚扰:

  • 不受欢迎的行为, 
  • 由通情达理的人决定
  • 如此严厉,而且
  • 无处不在,
  • 客观地进攻, 
  • 它实际上剥夺了一个人平等参加中央社区学院教育项目或活动的机会.[4]

性侵犯,定义为:

性犯罪,暴力:

  • Any 性ual act directed against another person,
  • without the consent of the Complainant, 
  • 包括 instances in which the Complainant is incapable of giving consent.

强行强奸:

  • 渗透, 
  • 无论多么微不足道, 
  • of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or
  • oral penetration by a 性 organ of another person, 
  • without the consent of the Complainant.

强行鸡奸:

  • Oral or anal 性ual intercourse with another person, 
  • 强制,
  • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly), or 
  • 在投诉人因年龄而无法给予同意的情况下,不得强迫或违背当事人的意愿[5] or because of temporary or permanent mental or physical incapacity.

用物体性侵犯:

  • The use of an object or instrument to penetrate, 
  • 然而,
  • the genital or anal opening of the body of another person,
  • 强制,
  • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly),
  • 或在投诉人因年龄或因暂时或永久精神或身体丧失行为能力而无法给予同意的情况下,不得强迫或违背该人的意愿.

强行爱抚:

  • The touching of the private body parts of another person (buttocks, groin, breasts),
  • for the purpose of 性ual gratification,
  • 强制,
  • and/or against that person’s will (不经同意ly),
  • 或在投诉人因年龄或因暂时或永久精神或身体丧失行为能力而无法给予同意的情况下,不得强迫或违背该人的意愿.

非强制性犯罪:

  • 乱伦:
    • 非强制性交;
    • between persons who are related to each other,
    • within the degrees wherein marri年龄 is prohibited by Nebraska law. 
  • 法定强奸罪:
    • 非强制性交;
    • 根据内布拉斯加州的法律,与未满16岁的法定同意年龄的人发生性关系.

约会暴力,定义为:

  • 暴力,
  • 基于性别,
  • 由某人犯下的罪行;
  • 谁与投诉人有或曾经有浪漫或亲密的社会关系.
    • 该关系的存在应根据投诉人的陈述并考虑该关系的持续时间来确定, 关系的类型, and the frequency of interaction between the persons involved in the relationship.
      就本定义而言-
    • 约会暴力包括, 但不限于, 性ual or physical abuse or the threat of such abuse.
    • 约会暴力不包括家庭暴力定义所涵盖的行为.

家庭暴力,定义为:

  • 暴力,
  • 基于性别,
  • committed by a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the Complainant,
  • by a person with whom the Complainant shares a child in common, or
  • 由与之同居的人, 或与…同居, the Complainant as a spouse or intimate partner, or
  • 根据内布拉斯加州的家庭暴力或家庭暴力法,投诉人受保护免受该人的行为侵害.

*To categorize an incident as Domestic Violence, 被投诉人和投诉人之间的关系必须不只是两个人作为室友住在一起. 同居的人必须是现任或前任配偶或有亲密关系. 

跟踪,定义为:

  • 从事某种行为的;
  • 基于性别,
  • 针对一个特定的人,那
    • would cause a reasonable person to fear for the person’s safety, or
    • the safety of others; or
    • 遭受严重的情绪困扰.
      就本定义而言-
      • Course of conduct means two or more acts, 包括, 但不限于, 被申请人直接参与的行为, 间接, 或者通过第三方, 通过任何行动, 方法, 设备, 或者意味着, 遵循, 监控, 观察, 监视, 威胁, 或与人交流或关于人交流, or interferes with a person’s property.
      • 通情达理的人是指在类似情况下与投诉人具有相似身份的通情达理的人.
      • 实质性的情绪困扰是指严重的精神痛苦或痛苦,可能但不一定需要医疗或其他专业治疗或咨询.

-As used in the offenses above, the following definitions and understandings apply:

力量: Force is the use of physical 暴力 and/or physical imposition to gain 性ual access. 武力也包括威胁, 恐吓(暗含的威胁), and coercion that is intended to overcome resistance or produce consent (e.g., “Have 性 with me or I’ll hit you,” “Okay, don’t hit me, I’ll do what you want.”).

被强迫的性行为是, 通过定义, 不经同意, but 不经同意 性ual activity is not necessarily 力d. Silence or the absence of resistance alone is not consent. 同意 is not demonstrated by the absence of resistance. 虽然抵抗不是必需的,也不是必须的,但这是不同意的明确表现.

强迫:强制是 不合理的 性行为压力. 强迫行为与引诱行为的不同之处在于为获得同意而施加的压力的类型和/或程度等因素. When someone makes clear that they do not want to eng年龄 in certain 性ual activity, 他们想要停止, or that they do not want to go past a certain point of 性ual interaction, continued pressure beyond that point can be coercive.

同意 is:

  • 知道,
  • 自愿的,和
  • 明确的许可
  • 通过言语或行动
  • 从事性活动.

Since individuals may experience the same interaction in different ways, 每一方都有责任在参与活动之前确定对方是否同意.

If consent is not clearly provided prior to engaging in the activity, 同意可以在互动过程中或之后的某个时刻通过言语或行动来批准, but clear communication from the outset is strongly encour年龄d.

同意是有效的, 必须在言语或行为上明确表示对方同意该特定的性行为. Reasonable reciprocation can be implied. 例如, 如果有人吻你, you can kiss them back (if you want to) without the need to explicitly obtain 他们的 同意对方回吻. 

同意 can also be withdrawn once given, as long as the withdrawal is reasonably and clearly communicated. If consent is withdrawn, that 性ual activity should cease within a reasonable time.

同意某些性接触(如亲吻或爱抚)不能被推定为同意其他性活动(如性交). A current or previous intimate relationship is not sufficient to constitute consent. 

同意或不同意的证明不是事件中任何一方的负担. 而不是, 中央社区学院仍有责任确定其政策是否被违反. 同意的存在是基于在相同或类似情况下从理性人的角度评估的情况的总体, 包括 the context in which the alleged incident occurred and any similar, previous patterns that may be evidenced. 

同意 in relationships must also be considered in context. 当双方同意BDSM[6] or other forms of kink, non-consent may be shown by the use of a safe word. 电阻, 力, 暴力, or even saying “no” may be part of the kink and thus consensual, 因此,中央社区学院对扭结情境下的沟通评估应以合理性为指导, rather than strict adherence to policy that assumes non-kink relationships as a default.


[1] 不受欢迎是主观的,由投诉人决定(除非投诉人未达到同意年龄)。. 严重程度, 无处不在, 和客观冒犯性是基于在相同或类似情况下的理性人(“站在投诉人的角度”)的整体情况来评估的。, 包括 the context in which the alleged incident occurred and any similar, previous patterns that may be evidenced. 

[2] 根据内布拉斯加州法律. 

[3] Bond年龄, discipline/dominance, submission/sadism, and masochism.

[4] 不受欢迎是主观的,由投诉人决定(除非投诉人未达到同意年龄)。. 严重程度, 无处不在, 和客观冒犯性是基于在相同或类似情况下的理性人(“站在投诉人的角度”)的整体情况来评估的。, 包括 the context in which the alleged incident occurred and any similar, previous patterns that may be evidenced. 

[5] 根据内布拉斯加州法律. 

[6] Bond年龄, discipline/dominance, submission/sadism, and masochism.